Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is a worldwide bacterial disease affecting domestic and wild animals: cattle, dogs, cats, pigs, and rodents. Humans become infected through exposure to infected animals or through contact with water, soil and mud contaminated with the urine of infected animals. The bacteria can enter through skin and mucous membranes of the mouth, eyes, and nose. The disease is not known to spread from person to person.

Leptospirosis can occur sporadically, in epidemics (mostly after storms, heavy rainfalls and floods), or endemically (in agricultural areas with large livestock operations or rodent infestations). It is an occupational hazard for those who work outdoors or with animals (farmers, sewer workers, veterinarians, fish workers, rescue and military personnel). It is also a serious recreational risk for campers, hikers, swimmers, and outdoor sports enthusiasts who participate in whitewater rafting, kayaking, and canoeing.

The incubation period can range from 2 to 30 days. Most infections are relatively mild and include fever, myalgia, headache, red eyes, abdominal pain, and vomiting. Severe cases present with jaundice, hemorrhage, myocarditis, and renal failure. Prevention: Outdoor sports travellers may want to consult their doctor about taking preventive medication during their trip to avoid infection even through short-term exposure.

Risk of Leptospirosis is present in the following countries:



Bookmark and Share
Follow us on TwitterJoin us on Facebook

Travel Destination

Please select your travel destination.

Create Your own Travel Health Guide

Select your travel destinations, and get an instant, personalized guide to our medical services and comprehensive travel health information for the countries your are visiting. Print a copy or save securely for future online access. The Travel Health Planner is also accessible on your mobile!

Member Services Login

IAMAT Blog

Polio No Longer A Real Threat? Think Again

June 23, 2010

The recent polio (poliomyelitis) outbreaks in Central Asia (Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Russia) are reminders of how travel and migration can contribute to the re-emergence of a disease in a region previously declared free of infection.
Spotlight on South Africa

May 6, 2010

Counting down the days to the start of the Soccer World Cup tournament? This year it's being held in South Africa from June 11 to July 11. It's one of the few events that brings out extreme emotions among fans, and like other world sporting events, this tournament will bring attention to the country's natural beauty, history, and cultures.
Reflections on World Malaria Day

April 23, 2010

Malaria infection continues to be the biggest health threat to travellers going to malaria endemic countries. As travellers, we are equipped with knowledge about prevention methods, the geographic distribution of malaria, and we also have access to prophylactic medication and bed net protection.